MBBS OSCE · Gastroenterology

OSCE — decompensated cirrhosis with ascites assessment

An 8-minute OSCE on focused examination of chronic liver disease, diagnostic paracentesis interpretation, and initial management of ascites with SBP exclusion.

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Exam tags

NEET-PGINICETUSMLEPLAB

Brief (to candidate)

A 50-year-old man with alcohol use disorder presents with abdominal swelling and mild confusion. He is jaundiced with tense ascites. Examine for chronic liver disease signs, plan investigations including ascitic tap, and start management.

Candidate instructions

  1. Inspect for chronic liver disease stigmata.
  2. Demonstrate shifting dullness / fluid thrill approach (describe if mannequin).
  3. Order bloods and ascitic fluid tests.
  4. Interpret a sample result: SAAG 1.4, PMN 400/mm³.
  5. Start treatment for ascites and for SBP.

Examiner checklist

DomainKey actions expected
StigmataJaundice, spiders, palmar erythema, leuconychia, clubbing, gynaecomastia, caput medusae, ascites, splenomegaly, encephalopathy flap
Severity scoresMentions Child-Pugh components and MELD concept
ParacentesisDiagnostic tap for all hospitalised ascites; cell count/culture in blood culture bottles; SAAG, protein
SBPPMN ≥250 → empiric antibiotics (e.g. cefotaxime/ceftriaxone) ± albumin in selected SBP
Ascites RxSalt restriction; spironolactone ± furosemide; LVP + albumin if large volume
AvoidNSAIDs, ACEi in tense ascites/hypotension without indication, aminoglycosides
SafetyAlcohol cessation, nutrition, variceal screening plan

Model key actions

  • SAAG ≥1.1 = portal hypertension.
  • PMN 400 = SBP — treat now, do not wait for culture.
  • Diuretics for uncomplicated ascites; tap for tension/symptoms.
  • Address precipitants of encephalopathy if confused.

Common errors

  • Treating ascites without excluding SBP.
  • Starting only loop diuretic without aldosterone antagonist.
  • No albumin after large-volume paracentesis.
  • Missing transplant referral discussion in decompensated disease.
References1Show
  1. [1]Biggins SW, Angeli P, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Ascites, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Hepatorenal Syndrome: 2021 Practice Guidance by the AASLD. Hepatology, 2021.PMID 33942342
OSCE — decompensated cirrhosis with ascites assessment · MBBS OSCE · NeetVellum