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Opening (30 s)
"Dementia — give a one-line definition and the single most important immediate risk."
Model: Dementia is an acquired, persistent, global impairment of higher cortical functions (memory, language, visuospatial skills, executive function, personality) occurring in clear consciousness, sufficient to interfere with activities of daily living. It is not a single disease but a syndrome. The commonest cause is Alzheimer disease (AD) (60 to 70 percent), driven by amyloid-beta 42 plaque deposition
Station 1 — Pathophysiology (2 min)
Explain the mechanism chain from cause to clinical features and one major complication.
Station 2 — Clinical diagnosis (2 min)
Classic presentation, atypical groups, named bedside signs, and what you examine for red flags.
Red flag cue: Acute onset or fluctuating course suggests DELIRIUM, not dementia - search for and treat the precipitant
Station 3 — Investigations (2 min)
First-line tests, definitive tests, and any named score with exact components.
Station 4 — Emergency management (3 min)
ABC priorities, first drugs with dose and route, procedures, and when to escalate to ICU/theatre.
Station 5 — Definitive / long-term care (2 min)
Stepwise definitive therapy, monitoring, complications of treatment, follow-up.
Station 6 — Special populations (2 min)
Child / pregnancy / elderly / immunocompromised / renal impairment — what changes.
Station 7 — Evidence & pitfalls (2 min)
Landmark trial or guideline name if standard; three classic exam traps.
Station 8 — Rapid-fire pearls (1 min)
Five high-yield facts a candidate must not forget under time pressure.
Examiner pass criteria
- Speaks in mechanisms and numbers, not vague lists
- Gives at least one exact dose or threshold
- Names escalation criteria
- Avoids dangerous delays (imaging when unstable, etc.)