Example 1 · difficulty 4/5
During transport, CO₂ is largely trapped as bicarbonate at the tissue level. Which sequence correctly describes what happens to this bicarbonate once the blood reaches the alveoli?
- A. HCO₃⁻ keeps accumulating inside RBCs while chloride ions leave them
- B. carbonic anhydrase converts more CO₂ into H₂CO₃, further acidifying the RBCs
- C. HCO₃⁻ re-enters RBCs, combines with H⁺ to form H₂CO₃, which splits into CO₂ and H₂O, and the CO₂ diffuses into alveolar air
- D. HCO₃⁻ binds directly to the globin chains of haemoglobin and is exhaled as carbaminohaemoglobin breaks down